timescaledb

packaged by Chainguard

Chainguard Container for timescaledb

A time-series database for high-performance real-time analytics packaged as a Postgres extension

Chainguard Containers are regularly-updated, secure-by-default container images.

Download this Container Image

For those with access, this container image is available on cgr.dev:

docker pull cgr.dev/ORGANIZATION/timescaledb:latest

Be sure to replace the ORGANIZATION placeholder with the name used for your organization's private repository within the Chainguard Registry.

Compatibility Notes

Chainguard's TimescaleDB image is meant to serve as a drop-in replacement for the official open source TimescaleDB image from Docker Hub. There are, however, a number of differences between the two images that one should be aware of before migrating to the Chainguard TimescaleDB image:

• This image only contains Apache 2 from TimescaleDB, no proprietary code was included, so some features may not be available.

Getting started

You can test this image locally with docker:

docker run --rm -it -p 5432:5432 -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=password cgr.dev/ORGANIZATION/timescaledb:latest

It should return output similar to this

The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "nonroot".
This user must also own the server process.

The database cluster will be initialized with locale "en_US.utf8".
The default database encoding has accordingly been set to "UTF8".
The default text search configuration will be set to "english".
# ...

Note that the only mandatory environment variable needed by the TimescaleDB image is POSTGRES_PASSWORD.

This command will run the image, but no data within the underlying PostgreSQL database will persist after the image stops running. To persist TimescaleDB data you can mount a volume mapped to the container's data folder:

docker run --rm -v timescaledb_data:/var/lib/postgresql/data -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=password -it --name postgres-test cgr.dev/ORGANIZATION/timescaledb:latest

From there you can start making queries with tools that interop with PostgreSQL, for example, with the psql CLI tool.

Example: Using PSQL CLI to deploy a basic database using TimescaleDB's extensions

Ensure the timescaledb postgres extension is loaded in your database

psql -h "${PGHOST:-127.0.0.1}" -U postgres -c "CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS timescaledb"

Write down a file named hello_world.sql with the following contents in your current working directory

-- Create table 'rides' which will store trip data
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS "rides";
CREATE TABLE "rides"(
    vendor_id TEXT,
    pickup_datetime TIMESTAMP WITHOUT TIME ZONE NOT NULL,
    dropoff_datetime TIMESTAMP WITHOUT TIME ZONE NOT NULL,
    passenger_count NUMERIC,
    trip_distance NUMERIC,
    pickup_longitude  NUMERIC,
    pickup_latitude   NUMERIC,
    rate_code         INTEGER,
    dropoff_longitude NUMERIC,
    dropoff_latitude  NUMERIC,
    payment_type INTEGER,
    fare_amount NUMERIC,
    extra NUMERIC,
    mta_tax NUMERIC,
    tip_amount NUMERIC,
    tolls_amount NUMERIC,
    improvement_surcharge NUMERIC,
    total_amount NUMERIC
);

-- Create hypertable for rides 
-- This allows us to take advantage of timescaledb's space and time parititioning
SELECT create_hypertable('rides', 'pickup_datetime', 'payment_type', 2, create_default_indexes=>FALSE);
-- Create indexes (special look up tables/ pointers) on the following columns to speed up data retrieval
CREATE INDEX ON rides (vendor_id, pickup_datetime desc);
CREATE INDEX ON rides (pickup_datetime desc, vendor_id);
CREATE INDEX ON rides (rate_code, pickup_datetime DESC);
CREATE INDEX ON rides (passenger_count, pickup_datetime desc);

-- Create table 'payment_types' to store description of payment types for easy lookup
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "payment_types"(
    payment_type INTEGER,
    description TEXT
);
INSERT INTO payment_types(payment_type, description) VALUES
(1, 'credit card'),
(2, 'cash'),
(3, 'no charge'),
(4, 'dispute'),
(5, 'unknown'),
(6, 'voided trip');

-- Create table 'rates' to store description of rate codes for for easy lookup
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS "rates"(
    rate_code   INTEGER,
    description TEXT
);
INSERT INTO rates(rate_code, description) VALUES
(1, 'standard rate'),
(2, 'JFK'),
(3, 'Newark'),
(4, 'Nassau or Westchester'),
(5, 'negotiated fare'),
(6, 'group ride');

Then run the following to apply the database schema:

psql -h "${PGHOST:-127.0.0.1}" -U postgres -f hello_world.sql

Make sure to specify the password either via stdin or by manually typing it

You should see output similar to the following:

psql:hello_world.sql:2: NOTICE:  table "rides" does not exist, skipping
DROP TABLE
CREATE TABLE
psql:hello_world.sql:26: WARNING:  column type "timestamp without time zone" used for "pickup_datetime" does not follow best practices
HINT:  Use datatype TIMESTAMPTZ instead.
psql:hello_world.sql:26: WARNING:  column type "timestamp without time zone" used for "dropoff_datetime" does not follow best practices
HINT:  Use datatype TIMESTAMPTZ instead.
 create_hypertable
--------------------
 (1,public,rides,t)
(1 row)

CREATE INDEX
CREATE INDEX
CREATE INDEX
CREATE INDEX
CREATE TABLE
INSERT 0 6
CREATE TABLE
INSERT 0 6

Documentation References

• TimescaleDB Documentation
• PostgreSQL Documentation
• How to deploy TimescaleDB on Kubernetes
• TimescaleDB Apache 2 Edition Compatibility Notice
• TimescaleDB Editions Feature Comparison

What are Chainguard Containers?

Chainguard Containers are minimal container images that are secure by default.

In many cases, the Chainguard Containers tagged as :latest contain only an open-source application and its runtime dependencies. These minimal container images typically do not contain a shell or package manager. Chainguard Containers are built with Wolfi, our Linux undistro designed to produce container images that meet the requirements of a more secure software supply chain.

The main features of Chainguard Containers include:

• Minimal design, without unnecessary software bloat
• Daily builds to ensure container images are up-to-date with available security patches
• High quality build-time SBOMs attesting to the provenance of all artifacts within the image
• Verifiable signatures provided by Sigstore
• Reproducible builds with Cosign and apko (read more about reproducibility)

For cases where you need container images with shells and package managers to build or debug, most Chainguard Containers come paired with a -dev variant.

Although the -dev container image variants have similar security features as their more minimal versions, they feature additional software that is typically not necessary in production environments. We recommend using multi-stage builds to leverage the -dev variants, copying application artifacts into a final minimal container that offers a reduced attack surface that won’t allow package installations or logins.

Learn More

To better understand how to work with Chainguard Containers, please visit Chainguard Academy and Chainguard Courses.

In addition to Containers, Chainguard offers VMs and Libraries. Contact Chainguard to access additional products.

Trademarks

This software listing is packaged by Chainguard. The trademarks set forth in this offering are owned by their respective companies, and use of them does not imply any affiliation, sponsorship, or endorsement by such companies.